id The big bang: quick ideas about the big bang. What is the big bang?, How the universo starts? A very calculation explosion. The formation of atoms and stars.
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THE BIG BANG
  • A. The big bang.
  • B. A precise plan.
  • C. Stars.
A. THE BIG BANG

1. How was the big bang at the beginning? The universe began as a very heavy and hot. A minimum volume with enormous energy. We talked quintillion hundred degree heat at a density of trillions of trillions of kg/l.

2. How were the first minutes after the big bang? Then came quarks, electrons and photons. Then protons and neutrons. We are a trillion degrees and 10,000 millionths of a second after the big bang. Three minutes from the big bang, the temperature drops to a billion degrees and form the nuclei of heavy hydrogen and helium. The expansion continues (now the universe is expanding).

3. Hydrogen, helium and light.- 300,000 years after the big bang, the temperature drops to 5727 ° and the universe is a thousand times smaller than today. Then they form atoms of hydrogen and helium. Light is separated from matter and the universe becomes transparent. (This light is detected intense today as the cosmic background radiation).

4. ¿Stars and planets? A billion years after the big bang and 255 degrees below zero stars arise from hydrogen. The stars formed in the other chemical elements: carbon, oxygen, neon, etc.. Some massive stars exploded, and spread those elements in mass burning, giving rise to the planets.

5. How old is the universe today? We are currently about 15,000 million years of the big bang and 270 degrees below zero.

B. A VERY PRECISE PLAN

1. A well calculated explosion? The big bang was an explosion calculated with great precision. One trillionth of a greater or lesser power would destroy the universe, which began to form.

  • If the expansion had been slower, the force of gravity would have won and would have produced an implosion to get together all over again.
  • If the expansion would have been faster, the cosmic matter would have been completely dispersed and no galaxies would have formed.
  • Currently, the universe continues to expand, just at the precise speed to avoid a disaster.
2. The four forces.- Moments after the big bang, went into action the four fundamental forces: gravity, electromagnetic, strong nuclear and weak nuclear. These forces took very precise values. If they had taken other, the present universe would not have formed. For example, if the force of gravity had been stronger, would have collapsed. And if it had been lower, it would spread so fast that nothing would be united.

3. Matter and antimatter.- In the first moments of the big bang came quarks and electrons with their antiparticles. By colliding photons produced were destroyed. But there was an excess of matter over antimatter, and for this curious surplus, the universe continued its development. The matter-antimatter collision, produced the convenient energy, but not wiped out all because there was more material wealth.

4. Quarks are precisely so.- Among the first particles that emerged, are u and d quarks With them were formed protons and neutrons. Protons have two quarks u and d. Neutrons have two u quarks and one d The quarks u have an electric charge of + 2 / 3. D quarks have electric charge -1 / 3. Thus so precise, there were protons, with +1 charge and neutrons, charged 0.

5. Atoms born.- Moments after the big bang, the strong nuclear force, joined the quarks, u and d to form protons and neutrons, the nucleus of atoms. The electromagnetic force bonded protons and electrons, which had exactly the same electrical charge, so that the atom was stable. The particles that form and join the forces that were precisely the ideal that were needed to obtain this result.

6. Stability of the neutron.- Free neutrons are unstable and disintegrate in fifteen minutes, giving a proton, an electron and an antineutrino. However within the nucleus, neutrons are completely stable. Three minutes from the big bang formed nuclei of heavy hydrogen and helium. Thus the neutrons did not disappear.

7. The mass of the neutron.- The neutron was a little heavier than the proton. If it had been reversed, the protons would be unstable and therefore also the hydrogen atoms. And without hydrogen, there would be no stars or sun.

8. And turned and turned.- The electrons were spinning around the nucleus and this prevented them from colliding with the nucleus attracted by the electromagnetic force. Likewise, the moon revolves around the earth around the sun and it equaling the gravitational attraction with the centrifugal force. These shifts continue to avoid the collapse of the universe.

C. STARS

1. How are stars born?.- In clouds of hydrogen, are produced compressions by gravity and reaches a million degrees. At this temperature bind heavy hydrogen nuclei releasing energy to reach 10 million degrees. At this temperature, bind, hydrogen nuclei, releasing energy that lights the star.

  • If only heavy hydrogen burning, the combustion would be at an explosive rate (H bombs).
  • If there were no heavy hydrogen, would not begin to fuse normal hydrogen. The precise proportion of both hydrogens makes the stars and the sun exist.
2. Balance in the stars.- The star has a huge mass-sun weighs 744 times more than the planets combined. The force of gravity is tremendous, and so is the expansive force of nuclear fusion of hydrogen. The two forces balance exactly and the star, not implodes or disintegrates in space.

3. The stars make elements.-

  • Two hydrogen nuclei at the fusion, cause helium, releasing energy that lights stars.
  • Two helium nuclei come together to give beryllium. But beryllium is very unstable and decomposes quickly. However, it has time to receive a third helium nucleus and then causes the carbon that is stable and nuclear forces tend to form.
  • In turn, the carbon with a helium nucleus is oxygen, but all the carbon does not disappear because the oxygen nucleus does not provide much formation Thus there is a very precise balance that allows the formation of carbon and oxygen essential in life on Earth.
4. Any details about the sun?.- The sun's surface temperature is about 5727 ° and remains stable. If vary only 10 degrees, there would be no life on earth. Similar disaster would happen if the sun were at a different distance. The sun is a yellow dwarf star. If blue type, would have become extinct. If the red type, not enough heat up the planet earth.

5. Conclusions.-

  • The big bang and its subsequent development was calculated with great precision.
  • The universe originated by the big bang is impossible to have arisen by chance. completely impossible.
  • It takes faith to ensure that Creator God is eternal, wise, powerful, and takes great care of man. Eternal, because someone eternal had to start the big bang. Wise, because the process after the big bang is carefully thought out. Powerful and caring man, for obvious reasons at the do with what precision and strength led the expansion of the universe.
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